, also known as gastric cancer, is a disease that originates in the cells lining the stomach. This type of cancer can develop silently and is often only detected in advanced stages. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options is crucial for early diagnosis and an effective approach to fighting the disease.
What is stomach cancer?
Stomach cancer occurs when malignant cells begin to form in the inner lining of the stomach, creating tumors. The most common form of gastric cancer is adenocarcinoma, which accounts for about 90% of cases. Other forms include lymphomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and squamous cell carcinomas.
Symptoms of stomach cancer
The symptoms of stomach cancer can be vague and nonspecific, especially in the early stages. However, some common signs include:
Persistent abdominal pain or discomfort
Loss of appetite and unexplained weight loss.
Nausea and vomiting , sometimes with blood.
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Fatigue and weakness
If you or someone you know has these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention for a thorough evaluation.
Causes of Stomach Cancer
The causes of stomach cancer are multifactorial and can include a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the most common risk factors are:
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Infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, associated with chronic inflammation of the stomach.
A diet high in salty and processed foods, smoked meats, and canned foods.
A family history of gastric cancer.
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
Pre-existing conditions, such as chronic gastritis and pernicious anemia.
Understanding these factors can help in the prevention and early detection of the disease.
Stomach Cancer Treatment
: Treatment for stomach cancer depends on the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor, and the patient's overall health. Treatment options include:
Surgery: Partial or complete removal of the stomach (gastrectomy) to remove the tumor.
Chemotherapy: Use of drugs to destroy cancer cells, often used before or after surgery.
Radiation therapy: The use of radiation to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors.
Targeted therapies: Treatments that specifically attack cancer cells with less impact on healthy cells.
Each case is unique, and the treatment plan should be customized by the oncologist to meet the patient's specific needs.
Stomach cancer is a serious disease that requires specialized care and attention. Identifying symptoms early and understanding risk factors can make a significant difference in the prognosis. If you suspect you may be at risk, don't hesitate to seek medical advice. Prevention and early treatment are the best ways to combat this disease.
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Early signs and symptoms:
Persistent indigestion or heartburn: A burning sensation in the stomach or difficulty digesting food, especially after meals.
Loss of appetite and early satiety: Feeling full soon after starting a meal, even without having eaten much.
Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick and vomiting, which may or may not contain blood.
Abdominal pain: Pain in the upper abdomen, which may be mild or severe and constant or intermittent.
Abdominal bloating: A feeling of fullness in the abdomen, especially after meals.
Changes in bowel habits: Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between both.
Extreme fatigue and unexplained weight loss: Without changes in diet or exercise.
Difficulty swallowing: A sensation that food is "stuck" in the throat.
Pain:
Pain in stomach cancer can be:
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