3. Diet low in fiber and high in processed foods
A diet rich in red meat, processed meats (like bacon or sausages), fast food, and refined carbohydrates has been strongly linked to colon cancer.
Meanwhile, diets lacking:
- Fruits
- Vegetables
- Whole grains
can reduce fiber intake, slowing digestion and increasing inflammation in the colon.
4. Lack of physical activity
Sedentary lifestyles contribute to slower digestion, increased inflammation, and higher body fat — all of which increase colon cancer risk. Regular physical activity can lower risk by improving metabolism and gut health.
5. Obesity and excess body fat
Being overweight, especially carrying fat around the midsection, is associated with a significantly higher likelihood of developing colon cancer. Obesity also increases the risk of more aggressive cancer forms and poorer outcomes.
6. Smoking and heavy alcohol use
Tobacco contains carcinogens that enter the bloodstream and affect many organs, including the colon.
Excessive alcohol consumption (especially more than 2 drinks per day) increases the risk by promoting inflammation and damaging the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
7. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)
- Conditions such as:
- Ulcerative colitis
- Crohn’s disease
cause long-term inflammation of the colon. This chronic irritation can lead to precancerous cell changes and significantly higher cancer risk.
